{"id":68679,"date":"2026-03-02T11:07:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T03:07:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/how-to-design-high-iops-servers-for-database-heavy-workloads\/"},"modified":"2026-03-02T11:10:05","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T03:10:05","slug":"how-to-design-high-iops-servers-for-database-heavy-workloads","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/sc\/how-to-design-high-iops-servers-for-database-heavy-workloads\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9ad8 IOPS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f53\u4ea4\u6613\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0c\u5f53 checkpoint \u65f6\u95f4\u5f02\u5e38\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u6bb5\u51fa\u73b0 replication lag\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u67b6\u6784\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u5728 CPU \u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u7531\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1 High IOPS servers \u5e76\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u5347\u7ea7\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c PostgreSQL\u3001MySQL\u3001Microsoft SQL Server\u3001MongoDB\u3001Redis\uff0c\u6216 ClickHouse \u7b49\u5206\u6790\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u78c1\u76d8\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001SLA \u8fbe\u6210\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u8425\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u56f4\u7ed5\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684 I\/O \u8868\u73b0\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u8ffd\u6c42\u7406\u8bba\u5cf0\u503c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f I\/O \u751f\u6210\u5668\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1 write ahead log \u63d0\u4ea4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9875\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4fee\u6539\u3001checkpoint flush \u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u53f0\u7ef4\u62a4\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0e\u5a92\u4f53\u6d41\u6216\u5907\u4efd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u5757\u987a\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cOLTP \u4e0e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4ea7\u751f\u5c0f\u5757\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

IOPS \u4ee3\u8868\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b21\u6570\u3002Throughput \u4ee3\u8868\u6bcf\u79d2\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e8b\u52a1\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u73af\u5883\uff0cIOPS \u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8fdc\u6bd4\u5cf0\u503c MB\/s \u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bcf\u79d2\u6267\u884c 20,000 \u6b21\u968f\u673a 8KB \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u603b\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u7ea6 160MB\/s\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f IOPS \u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u78c1\u76d8\u961f\u5217\u589e\u52a0\uff0cI\/O wait \u4e0a\u5347\uff0cCPU \u8fdb\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u4e4b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5907\u771f\u6b63\u67b6\u6784\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4f55 NVMe \u662f\u9ad8 IOPS \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5bfb\u9053\u4e0e\u8f6c\u901f\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b 150 IOPS \u5de6\u53f3\u3002SATA SSD \u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u800c NVMe \u901a\u8fc7 PCIe \u76f4\u8fde\u67b6\u6784\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

NVMe \u652f\u6301\u5e76\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u961f\u5217\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u534f\u8bae\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ec5\u90e8\u7f72 NVMe \u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002High IOPS server configuration \u5fc5\u987b\u6574\u5408\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u8010\u4e45\u7b49\u7ea7\u3001RAID \u67b6\u6784\u3001\u6563\u70ed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5cf0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 NAND \u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u95ea\u5b58\u65e0\u6cd5\u539f\u5730\u8986\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u9875\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u4ee5\u5757\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u64e6\u9664\u3002\u5f53\u9875\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\uff0cSSD \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u9700\u8981\u642c\u79fb\u6709\u6548\u6570\u636e\u3001\u64e6\u9664\u6574\u4e2a\u5757\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u56de\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u3001SaaS \u5e73\u53f0\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u5e38\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u968f\u673a\u5199\u5165\u3002\u968f\u673a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f NAND \u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e3b\u673a\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u3002\u82e5\u672a\u4fdd\u7559\u8db3\u591f\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c over provisioning\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6e05\u7406\u671f\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5cf0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 NVMe SSD server for database \u90e8\u7f72\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u9884\u7559 10 \u81f3 20% \u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5757\u91cd\u5199\u538b\u529b\u3002\u8010\u4e45\u89c4\u5212\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u4e58\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u6b64\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bff\u547d\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u63d0\u524d\u9000\u5f79\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

RAID \u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u5206\u6563\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/h2>\n

RAID \u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u3002RAID 0 \u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4f46\u65e0\u5197\u4f59\u3002RAID 1 \u63d0\u4f9b\u955c\u50cf\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f46\u4e0d\u63d0\u5347\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u3002RAID 10 \u7ed3\u5408\u6761\u5e26\u4e0e\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u6563\u5199\u5165\u538b\u529b\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u91cd\u8d1f\u8f7d\u73af\u5883\u800c\u8a00\uff0cRAID 10 \u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002NVMe RAID 10 \u5c06\u968f\u673a\u5199\u5165\u5206\u6563\u81f3\u591a\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5355\u5757 NAND \u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c06 WAL \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u636e\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728 checkpoint \u6216\u6062\u590d\u671f\u95f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u5199\u5165\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u5199\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u3001CPU \u4e0e\u90e8\u7f72\u524d\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5927 buffer pool \u51cf\u5c11\u8bfb I\/O\uff0c\u4f46\u5199\u5165\u59cb\u7ec8\u9700\u8981\u843d\u5730\u81f3\u6301\u4e45\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u589e\u52a0 RAM \u65e0\u6cd5\u5f25\u8865\u5199\u5165 IOPS \u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

CPU \u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e76\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u540e\u53f0\u7ef4\u62a4\u6548\u7387\u3002\u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5355\u6838\u5fc3\u9ad8\u9891\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90e8\u7f72\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e73\u5747\u4e0e\u5cf0\u503c IOPS\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3001\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u5e03\u3001checkpoint \u9891\u7387\u4e0e replication \u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 pg_stat_io\u3001track_io_timing \u6216\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u83b7\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u91c7\u8d2d\u6216\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ef4\u62a4\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5b8c\u5168\u9a7b\u7559\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4efb\u52a1\u4ecd\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u5165\u3002Checkpoint flush\u3001WAL \u540c\u6b65\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15\u91cd\u5efa\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u653e\u5927 IOPS \u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u7a0b\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u8c03\u6574 checkpoint \u5468\u671f\u3001\u9519\u5f00\u7ef4\u62a4\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u4e3a WAL \u914d\u7f6e\u72ec\u7acb NVMe \u9635\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u961f\u5217\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u82e5 I\/O wait \u6301\u7eed\u8d85\u8fc7\u4f4e\u4e2a\u4f4d\u6570\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u63a5\u8fd1\u9971\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u9ad8\u538b\u65f6\u523b\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6269\u5c55\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u89c4\u5212<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5782\u76f4\u6269\u5c55\u589e\u52a0\u5355\u8282\u70b9 IOPS\u3001CPU \u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u901a\u8fc7\u526f\u672c\u6216\u5206\u7247\u5206\u6563\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6\u526f\u672c\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5206\u7247\u964d\u4f4e\u5199\u5165\u7ade\u4e89\u4f46\u589e\u52a0\u67b6\u6784\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u5fc5\u987b\u7eb3\u5165\u5e74\u5ea6\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e3b\u673a\u5199\u5165 250TB\uff0c\u82e5\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u4e3a 1.4\uff0c\u5219 NAND \u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u4e3a 350TB\u3002\u82e5 SSD \u8010\u4e45\u4e3a 1750TBW\uff0c\u5219\u9884\u4f30\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7ea6\u4e94\u5e74\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u66f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bff\u547d\u4e0e\u6210\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

Dataplugs NVMe \u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5f80\u5f80\u6765\u81ea\u5171\u4eab\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u786c\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u591a\u79df\u6237\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7a81\u53d1 I\/O \u5cf0\u503c\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5bf9\u4e8e SaaS \u5e73\u53f0\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6216 time series \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e13\u5c5e NVMe \u67b6\u6784\u4e0e High IOPS server configuration \u539f\u5219\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5951\u5408\uff0c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u73af\u5883\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7eaa\u5f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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\u5c06 IOPS \u89c6\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u589e\u957f\u671f\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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