{"id":71085,"date":"2026-10-20T11:09:43","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T03:09:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/postgresql-streaming-replication-on-dedicated-servers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-20T11:12:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T03:12:31","slug":"postgresql-streaming-replication-on-dedicated-servers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/sc\/postgresql-streaming-replication-on-dedicated-servers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 PostgreSQL \u6d41\u590d\u5236\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>PostgreSQL \u6d41\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u5199\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u9884\u5199\u5f0f\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08WAL\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ece\u4e3b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8bfb\u53d6\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u62a5\u8868\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u65f6\u6bb5\u548c\u66f4\u5feb\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8ba9\u590d\u5236\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6309\u5b9e\u9645\u8d1f\u8f7d\u89c4\u5212\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565 WAL \u4fdd\u7559\u3001\u590d\u5236\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u6574\u7406\u6b63\u5f0f\u90e8\u7f72\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u89c4\u5212\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>PostgreSQL \u6d41\u590d\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u628a\u6bcf\u9879\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u5199\u5165 WAL\u3002\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece WAL sender \u63a5\u6536\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5199\u5165\u5e76\u91cd\u653e\u3002\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8ffd\u4e0a\u8fdb\u5ea6\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u53ea\u8bfb\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL \u6d41\u590d\u5236\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u6258\u7ba1\u5c42\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u5426\u7a33\u5b9a\u901a\u4fe1\u3002Dataplugs \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/sc\/hosting-infrastructure-for-real-time-collaboration-platforms\/\">\u5b9e\u65f6\u534f\u4f5c\u5e73\u53f0\u6258\u7ba1\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/a>\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u628a\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u590d\u5236\u548c\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u89c6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89d2\u8272\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u6863\u5185<\/li>\n<li>WAL sender\u3001WAL receiver \u548c\u91cd\u653e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f20\u9001\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u53d8\u66f4<\/li>\n<li>\u5f02\u6b65\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u5728\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cd\u653e\u524d\u786e\u8ba4\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5199\u5165<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u6b65\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\u624d\u786e\u8ba4\u63d0\u4ea4<\/li>\n<li>\u7269\u7406\u590d\u5236\u590d\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\uff1b\u903b\u8f91\u590d\u5236\u5219\u6309\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u9009\u62e9\u53d8\u66f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u5f02\u6b65\u590d\u5236\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f02\u6b65\u590d\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5199\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5f85\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u540c\u6b65\u590d\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u9879\u63d0\u4ea4\u90fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e94\u6309\u6062\u590d\u70b9\u76ee\u6807\uff08RPO\uff09\u3001\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\uff08RTO\uff09\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ddd\u79bb\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002Dataplugs \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/sc\/top-backup-disaster-recovery-tips-dedicated-hosting\/\">\u4e13\u7528\u6258\u7ba1\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u707e\u96be\u6062\u590d\u8d34\u58eb<\/a>\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5206\u522b\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6062\u590d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5199\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6269\u5c55\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u5df2\u786e\u8ba4\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e22\u5931\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u8003\u8651\u540c\u6b65\u590d\u5236<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u4e2a\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53c2\u4e0e\u786e\u8ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ef2\u88c1\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u628a\u540c\u6b65\u8282\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u70b9\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f80\u8fd4\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>PostgreSQL \u526f\u672c\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5e94\u6309\u5199\u5165\u91cf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u6062\u590d\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u5e94\u4ed8\u65e5\u5e38\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u5199\u5165\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ca\u65f6\u91cd\u653e\u5927\u91cf WAL\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u50a8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5148\u5728 WAL \u5237\u65b0\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u548c\u91cd\u653e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u3002Dataplugs \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dataplugs.com\/sc\/seasonal-traffic-management-resource-allocation\/\">\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u7f51\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u9ad8\u5cf0\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u4f18\u5316<\/a>\u6587\u7ae0\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5e94\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u6240\u5f97\u7684 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u9700\u6c42\u89c4\u5212\u72ec\u7acb\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6309\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4f30\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u3001WAL \u538b\u7f29\u3001vacuum \u548c\u91cd\u653e\u9884\u7559 CPU \u4f59\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a shared_buffers\u3001work_mem\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001WAL \u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf NVMe \u5b58\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>\u5e26\u5bbd\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u4ed8 WAL\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u91cd\u5efa<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3001vacuum \u548c\u526f\u672c\u8ffd\u8d76\u4fdd\u7559\u5bb9\u91cf\u4f59\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tip: \u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5927\u800c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u548c WAL \u9ad8\u5cf0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u4e0e\u526f\u672c\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e73\u5747\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u53ef\u80fd\u63a9\u76d6\u6062\u590d\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>WAL \u4fdd\u7559\u3001\u590d\u5236\u69fd\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>WAL \u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d6\u5f97\u6240\u9700\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002wal_keep_size\u3001\u590d\u5236\u69fd\u548c WAL \u5f52\u6863\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u590d\u5236\u69fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u65ad\u7ebf\u7528\u6237\u4ecd\u9700\u7684 WAL\uff0c\u4f46\u957f\u671f\u65e0\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u69fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9 pg_wal \u6301\u7eed\u5360\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76d1\u6d4b\u590d\u5236\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u8981\u770b\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u539f\u56e0\u3002pg_stat_replication \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u663e\u793a\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff0c\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u91cd\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u544a\u8b66\u5e94\u8986\u76d6\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u91cf\u3001\u590d\u5236\u69fd\u589e\u957f\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u4f59\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u6700\u957f\u9884\u8ba1\u65ad\u7ebf\u6216\u7ef4\u62a4\u65f6\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e WAL \u4fdd\u7559\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u540e\u624d\u9650\u5236\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u9014\u7684\u590d\u5236\u69fd<\/li>\n<li>\u8ffd\u8e2a sent\u3001write\u3001flush \u548c replay \u7684 LSN \u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u5728 WAL \u6216\u6570\u636e\u78c1\u76d8\u63a5\u8fd1\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u524d\u53d1\u51fa\u544a\u8b66<\/li>\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u89e6\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u5207\u6362\u6216\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u95e8\u69db<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d41\u590d\u5236\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f20\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u884c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u628a\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u63d0\u5347\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u6216\u534f\u8c03\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u65e7\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d41\u91cf\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u65b0\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u53d7\u63a7\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u5e94\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u6545\u969c\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u6b63\u786e\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u5199\u5165\u7aef\u70b9\u3001\u91cd\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u5199\u5165\u7684 split-brain \u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6545\u969c\u6062\u590d\u548c\u526f\u672c\u91cd\u5efa\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e5f\u5e94\u5199\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c\u624b\u518c\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6e05\u695a\u5b9a\u4e49\u8c01\u6216\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u6743\u63d0\u5347\u5907\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u5199\u5165\u8005\u8fd0\u884c\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u9694\u79bb\u6216\u56f4\u5835\u65e7\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7aef\u70b9\u3001\u4ee3\u7406\u6216\u53d7\u63a7 DNS 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